vcsel laser array
For some applications, dozens of such VCSEL arrays are mounted side by side on a water-cooled holder which provides both the electrical connections and the cooling. Typically, the arrays are electrically connected in series to limit the required electric current. Such a device with a total emitting area of several square centimeters may emit powers of hundreds of watts, and larger devices can even generate multiple kilowatts. The optical intensity at some distance from the emitters can be fairly uniform over a large area.